Using psql
meta-commands:
https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/app-psql.html
Going over the page with Ctrl+F gives:
\ddp [ pattern ]
Lists default access privilege settings.
\dp [ pattern ]
Lists tables, views and sequences with their
associated access privileges.
\l[+] [ pattern ]
List the databases in the server and show ....
access privileges.
Also mentioned above, but not found with word "privileges" on the manual page:
\du+
for roles with login and \dg+
for roles without - will have a filed "Member of"
where you find roles granted to roles.
I deliberately skip function and language privileges here, found in psql
manual as barely manipulated (and if you do use those privileges you wont come here for an advise). same for user defined types, domains and so on - using "+" after the meta-command will show you privileges if applicable.
A little extreme way to check the privileges is dropping the user in transaction, e.g.:
s=# begin; drop user x;
BEGIN
Time: 0.124 ms
ERROR: role "x" cannot be dropped because some objects depend on it
DETAIL: privileges for type "SO dT"
privileges for sequence so
privileges for schema bin
privileges for table xx
privileges for table "csTest"
privileges for table tmp_x
privileges for table s1
privileges for table test
Time: 0.211 ms
s=# rollback;
ROLLBACK
Time: 0.150 ms
When the list is longer than N, (at least in 9.3), warning with list of privileges is collapsed, but you still can find it full in logs...