psql is the primary interactive terminal for PostgreSQL. (DO NOT USE THIS TAG for questions targeting PostgreSQL!)
psql is a terminal-based client to PostgreSQL, that's packaged with the software. It lets you edit queries interactively, issue them to PostgreSQL, and see the results. You can read and write to / from files and use it for scripting.
Additionally, psql provides a set of meta-commands and other shell-like features to facilitate writing scripts and automating a wide range of tasks.